Which term refers to organisms that break down dead organic material?

Decomposers are organisms that play a crucial role in ecosystems by breaking down dead organic material. They include fungi, bacteria, and certain insects, which feed on dead plants and animals. This process of decomposition is vital for nutrient cycling, as it allows for the return of essential elements like carbon and nitrogen back into the soil, making them available for plants to use again. This recycling of nutrients helps maintain the health of the ecosystem and supports new plant growth, which in turn supports various forms of life. In contrast, producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers have different roles: producers create energy through photosynthesis, primary consumers feed on producers, and secondary consumers eat primary consumers. Decomposers specifically focus on breaking down organic matter, making them essential to energy flow and nutrient cycling in ecosystems.