NWEA Science Measures of Academic Progress (MAP) Practice Test 2026 - Free NWEA MAP Science Practice Questions and Study Guide

The mitochondria are the organelles primarily responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells through a process known as cellular respiration. During cellular respiration, mitochondria convert glucose and oxygen into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the main energy currency of the cell. This process also produces carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. Mitochondria have their own DNA and are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because of their crucial role in generating the energy required for various cellular functions. They are unique compared to other organelles due to their double-membrane structure and the ability to perform aerobic respiration, which is essential for the survival of eukaryotic organisms.