What type of ecosystem is characterized by high rainfall and diverse species?

The tropical rainforest is characterized by high rainfall and a remarkable diversity of species. This ecosystem receives an average annual rainfall of 1750 to 2000 millimeters (about 69 to 79 inches), which creates a humid environment conducive to the proliferation of various plant and animal species. The consistent warmth and abundant moisture in tropical rainforests support a wide range of life, including diverse tree species, epiphytes, ferns, insects, birds, and mammals, making them some of the most biodiverse ecosystems on the planet. The layered structure of the rainforest—composed of emergents, a upper canopy, a lower canopy, and understory—provides numerous niches for different organisms, further contributing to the high levels of biodiversity observed in these areas.

Deserts, grasslands, and tundras, while they each have unique characteristics and ecosystems, do not exhibit the same level of rainfall or species diversity as tropical rainforests. Deserts have very little rainfall and sparse vegetation, grasslands are typically characterized by moderate rainfall and can support diverse plant life but are less biodiverse than rainforests, and tundras have low temperatures and a shorter growing season that limits biodiversity.