In an experiment, what is the purpose of a control group?

The purpose of a control group in an experiment is to provide a baseline for comparison. This means that the control group is not exposed to the independent variable, allowing researchers to observe the effects of that variable more clearly. By comparing the experimental group, which receives the treatment or manipulation, with the control group, researchers can identify any changes that happen as a direct response to the independent variable. This is crucial for ensuring that the results found in the experimental group can be attributed to the treatment rather than other factors. The control group thus helps to validate the findings of the experiment and strengthens the conclusions drawn from the research.